Forgings

Forgings

Forging is one of the oldest methods of processing materials to achieve a certain final shape of the final product. Its origins date back to prehistoric times, when early humans attempted to shape metal alloys into their final form by heating them to a certain temperature and then using force to gradually reshape them into their final shape. A more modern history and flourishing can be found in the Middle Ages, when times favoured the various processing and modification in this way of everything that surrounded mankind at the time.

More modern methods are being sought and found with the advent of the first forging hammers using water or steam. As time and time passes, machine forging hammers are becoming more and more popular for hot working of materials.

Further development divided this method of metal processing into the so-called free forging, where the final shape is determined by the impact force on the material using the kinetic energy generated by the moving part of the machine - the ram of the hammer, and recessed forging, where the final shape of the final product is determined by pressing the heated metal into a die (die), usually consisting of a top and bottom part. The material is inserted into the lower part of the die and then the upper part of the die is pressed against the lower part by impact or force.

Excess material (the amount of material to be inserted into the cavity must always be greater than the cavity volume) is pushed into the sprue groove, which is around the entire cavity in the cutting plane. After hot or cold cutting of this recess, we then obtain the final shape of the forging - the product.

For the production of medium and larger series of precision die forgings, the technological equipment of ZBIROVIA, a.s. is equipped with vertical forging presses with a nominal forming force of 16,000 kN, a table clamping area of 1180x1120 mm and a stroke rate of 85 strokes per minute.

Pneumatic-hydraulic hammers KJH 2 and KJH 4 are used for the production of flat and thin forgings (chisels, crowbars, hammer heads of smaller dimensions, etc.) for small and medium series and are characterized by a nominal forming force KJH2 2,000 kN and KJH4 4,000 kN respectively, a table clamping area of 286x600 mm and a stroke rate of 40 - 100 strokes per minute.

Of course, all forging lines are equipped with induction heaters which, thanks to their control and monitoring elements, make it possible to heat the material for forging to the prescribed temperature values for individual types and cross-sections.

Other technological equipment in our forge includes hot and cold cutting presses, calibration presses, electric furnaces for annealing forgings and blast machines.

Zakázkové ruční nářadí s opracováním a finalizací
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